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From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

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From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

By Tada jutha, Maiduguri

Long before modern borders carved Africa into nation-states and colonial maps fractured shared histories and kinship, the Kanema-Borno Empire stood as one of the most enduring civilisations the continent had ever known. Rising from the sands around Lake Chad in the 9th century, Kanem-Borno was not merely a kingdom; it was a living network of culture, trade, scholarship, and identity that stretched across what are today Nigeria, Chad, Niger, Cameroon, Libya, and beyond.

The Sayfawa dynasty ruled the empire for more than a thousand years. Islamic scholarship strengthened it, and trade routes across the Sahara Desert connected Central Africa to North Africa and the Mediterranean world. Its rulers built institutions, fostered learning, and cultivated a shared Kanuri identity that transcended geography. Even as empires elsewhere rose and fell, Kanem-Borno adapted, migrated, and survived.

Yet history, though powerful, is not immune to disruption. Colonial partitions, post-independence political upheavals, economic marginalisation, climate change around Lake Chad, and, more recently, violent extremism have fractured communities that once spoke the same language, shared the same customs, and traced their lineage to the same ancestral roots. The Kanuri people, once bound by empire, found themselves separated by borders, policies, and insecurity.

It is against this backdrop of history, loss, and resilience that the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit (KBCS) emerges not as a mere celebration but as a deliberate act of remembrance and reconstruction.

A Modern Gathering Rooted in Ancient Memory

From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

On a Thursday in Maiduguri, the heartland of the old empire, history returned—not in the form of conquest or coronation, but through dialogue, dance, and shared identity. Thousands of Kanuri kinsmen and women from ten African countries converged at the Mohammed Indimi International Conference Centre to celebrate this year’s Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit.

Hosting the gathering, Borno State Governor, Professor Babagana Umara Zulum, described the summit as a strategic effort to revive cultural heritage and deploy it as a tool for peacebuilding and sustainable development across Africa.

“This summit”, Zulum said, “represents a deliberate effort to rebuild transnational kinship networks based on a shared identity, to create a supportive global community that can tackle the myriads of challenges collaboratively.”

The statement carried weight. Borno State, once the epicentre of the Kanem-Borno Empire, has in recent decades become synonymous with insurgencies, displacements, and humanitarian crises. Yet here it was—repositioning itself not just as a survivor of conflict, but as a convener of continental unity.

A Continental Reunion of the Scattered People

From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

The summit attracted 161 traditional rulers, top government officials, scholars, and cultural custodians, alongside thousands of Kanuri participants from Ghana, Sudan, Gabon, Niger, Central African Republic, Senegal, Libya, Chad, Cameroon, and Benin.

For many attendees, the gathering was deeply emotional. Families separated for generations by borders met under one roof. Elders spoke in Kanuri dialects shaped by geography but united by origin. Youths, some born in exile or diaspora, encountered their heritage not through textbooks, but through living culture.

Governor Zulum urged participants to go beyond celebration and invest in shared development.

“You are to invest in a shared future,” he told the gathering, “to ensure that the illustrious legacy of the Kanem-Borno remains an inspiration for future generations among the member countries.”

Culture as a Tool for Healing and Development

The summit’s program reflected this vision. Beyond speeches, it featured traditional dances, cultural displays, and ceremonial performances, with colourful contingents dressed in costumes representing different regions of the old empire. Each dance told a story—of harvest, migration, royalty, and resistance. Each drumbeat echoed centuries of memory.

But culture, as Zulum emphasised, is not only about the past.

From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

Speaking in the Kanuri language, the governor challenged participants to focus on educational exchange, entrepreneurial collaboration, and socio-economic initiatives capable of uplifting Kanuri communities across borders.

This approach reframes culture not as nostalgia but as capital—social capital that can foster trust, economic networks, and collective problem-solving in a region still grappling with insecurity and underdevelopment.

Reclaiming the Narrative of the Kanem-Borno Empire

In reflecting on the significance of the summit, Zulum reminded the audience of the empire’s historical stature.

“The Kanem-Borno Empire was one of the greatest and longest-lasting empires in African history,” he said. “It flourished for over 1,000 years, approximately from the 9th to the 19th century, in the region of Lake Chad.”

This reminder was more than academic. In a global narrative that often marginalises African civilisations, reclaiming the Kanem-Borno story is an act of intellectual and cultural resistance. It asserts that African societies were organised, scholarly, and globally connected long before colonialism.

Investing in Unity Through Education

Perhaps the most tangible outcome of the summit was Governor Zulum’s announcement of scholarships for 150 students from countries that once formed the Kanem-Borno Empire. The gesture symbolised a belief that education remains the strongest bridge between past glory and future possibility.

In a region where conflict has disrupted schooling for millions, the scholarship initiative serves both symbolic and practical purposes—fostering unity while empowering a new generation of leaders, scholars, and entrepreneurs who understand their shared heritage.

From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

Regional and Traditional Endorsement

The summit also enjoyed high-level regional endorsement. The President of Chad, Mahamat Idriss Déby Itno, represented by the Governor of Lac Province, Major General Saleh Haggar Tidjani, proposed that the summit be institutionalised and rotated among member countries every ten years.

Such a proposal elevates the KBCS from an event to a movement—one capable of shaping diplomatic, cultural, and developmental cooperation across borders.

Other dignitaries in attendance underscored the summit’s national and international relevance. They included Yobe State Governor Mai Mala Buni; former Vice President Ambassador Babagana Kingibe; the Sultan of Sokoto, Alhaji Muhammadu Sa’ad Abubakar III; Senators Mohammed Tahir Monguno and Mohammed Ali Ndume; and Kaka Shehu Lawan.

Also present were members of the House of Representatives, speakers of the Borno and Yobe State Houses of Assembly, emirs and chiefs from across Nigeria, commissioners, lawmakers, and senior government officials.

Their presence reinforced the idea that culture, when properly harnessed, can complement governance and diplomacy.

Beyond Ceremony: A Blueprint for Post-Conflict Identity

What sets the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit apart is its timing. Coming after years of insurgency that fractured trust and displaced communities, the summit represents a post-conflict identity project—a conscious attempt to heal wounds through shared memory.

In rebuilding Borno, Governor Zulum’s administration has focused on infrastructure, resettlement, and security. The KBCS adds another layer: psychological and cultural reconstruction. It tells the Kanuri people that they are more than victims of conflict; they are heirs to an empire that once shaped Africa.

From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

A Legacy Reawakened

As the summit drew to a close, the drums fell silent, but the message endured. The Kanem-Borno Empire may no longer exist as a political entity, but its spirit—rooted in unity, resilience, and cultural pride—remains alive.

In reviving this legacy, the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit offers more than celebration. It offers a roadmap: one where history informs development, culture fosters peace, and identity transcends borders.

From empire to identity, from memory to movement, the story of Kanem-Borno is being retold—not as a relic of the past, but as a living force shaping Africa’s future.

 

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Borno Youths, Students Rally Against Terror, Urge Nigerians to Unite for National Security

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Borno Youths, Students Rally Against Terror, Urge Nigerians to Unite for National Security
Borno Youths, Students Rally Against Terror, Urge Nigerians to Unite for National Security

By Tada Jutha, Maiduguri

Hundreds of youths and students from tertiary institutions in Borno State on Sunday staged a peaceful march in Maiduguri, calling on Nigerians to unite against terrorism and other forms of criminality while pledging support for the Federal Government and security agencies in the fight against insecurity.

The campaign, held under the banner UniteAgainstTerror, drew participants from various youth and student organisations across the state. The procession began at the Post Office area of Maiduguri and featured awareness messages promoting national unity, peace and collective responsibility in tackling insecurity.

Speaking to journalists during the rally, the leader of the Borno Youth and Students Forum, Suleiman Muhammed, commended the Federal Government and security agencies for their response to the recent abduction of students in Oyo State, describing the rescue efforts as encouraging.

He urged the authorities to intensify operations aimed at rescuing all victims still in captivity, particularly those affected by insurgency in Borno and other parts of the country.

Muhammed also cautioned against yielding to terrorists’ demands for ransom payments, arguing that such concessions could embolden criminal groups and worsen the country’s security challenges.

“This campaign is a call on all Nigerians, especially young people, to stand together against terrorism. We must unite and reject every form of support for criminal elements,” he said.

He expressed confidence that the government would continue strengthening efforts to restore peace across all regions of the country without discrimination.

While acknowledging the commitment of both the federal and Borno State governments to combating insurgency, Muhammed appealed for more strategic interventions aimed at addressing the root causes of insecurity.

According to him, expanding youth empowerment programmes and creating economic opportunities would help reduce crime and discourage young people from being recruited into violent groups.

“Government has done a lot, but more needs to be done to permanently end insurgency. Providing jobs, empowering young people and creating an enabling environment for legitimate livelihoods are essential to achieving lasting peace,” he added.

Other participants at the rally stressed the need for sustained investment in the nation’s security architecture, including improved equipment, logistics and welfare for military personnel and other security operatives.

One of the protesters, Khadijat Abdullahi, said defeating terrorism would require both stronger security measures and policies that address poverty and unemployment.

“The government should continue investing in our security agencies by providing modern equipment and improving the welfare of troops. At the same time, attention must be given to tackling poverty and creating employment opportunities because these are among the factors driving criminality,” she said.

Throughout the march, participants carried placards bearing messages such as Unity: Our Weapon Against Terrorism,” “Say No to Collaborating with Terrorists,” “Say Yes to Peace,” “Together We Stand Against Terrorism and Criminality,” and “A Secure Nigeria Starts With All of Us.”

The organisers said the campaign was intended to encourage citizens to support security agencies, reject violent extremism and promote national unity as a critical tool in overcoming terrorism and other security threats across Nigeria.

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Zulum Approves Two New Community Schools in Biu, Upgrades Hospital to Specialist Facility

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Zulum Approves Two New Community Schools in Biu, Upgrades Hospital to Specialist Facility
Zulum Approves Two New Community Schools in Biu, Upgrades Hospital to Specialist Facility

By Tada Jutha, Maiduguri

Borno State Governor Professor Babagana Umara Zulum, has approved the construction of two new community secondary schools in Biu Local Government Area as part of efforts to expand access to free and quality education across the state.

The governor also designated Government Girls Secondary School (GGSS), Biu, as one of the state’s eight Centres of Excellence, an initiative aimed at promoting academic excellence, unity and cultural integration among students from different parts of Borno.

Zulum disclosed this on Sunday while speaking with journalists during his week-long assessment tour of five local government areas in southern Borno.

The governor, who spent the previous night in Azare, Hawul Local Government Area, inspected several public institutions in Biu, including Government Senior Science Secondary School, Government Secondary School Waka, Government Girls Secondary School, the Nigerian Army University, the new General Hospital, the 100 Housing Estate and the State Hotels.

He also visited the proposed sites for the Community Boys Day Secondary School and Community Girls Day Secondary School, where he directed that construction should begin immediately and be completed before the end of his administration.

According to him, the growing population of Biu has placed increasing pressure on existing educational facilities, making it necessary for government to create more opportunities for children to enrol in secondary schools.

“Biu is growing rapidly, and government must respond by expanding access to education. We have assessed the situation and decided to build two additional community secondary schools, one for boys and another for girls,” the governor said.

Zulum explained that the Centres of Excellence initiative would revive the state’s school exchange programme, allowing students from different parts of Borno to study together while receiving transportation support from the government.

He said the programme would strengthen social cohesion by encouraging interaction among young people from diverse communities across the state.

The governor also addressed students of Government Girls Secondary School, Biu, where he urged both Muslim and Christian students to uphold the moral teachings of their respective faiths, describing discipline and good character as the foundation of a peaceful society.

To improve students’ welfare, he announced the donation of 200 bags of rice, beans and cooking oil for school feeding. He also approved the construction of an additional borehole for the school’s kitchen and directed the repair of the existing faulty water facility.

At the Nigerian Army University, Zulum inspected two blocks of 12 three-bedroom staff quarters built by the state government. He reaffirmed his administration’s commitment to supporting the institution’s plan to establish a College of Medical Sciences, which he said would create more opportunities for Borno students to study medicine and related health courses.

The governor also inspected the ongoing construction of a 150-bed General Hospital in Biu, revealing that the facility would be upgraded to a Specialist Hospital upon completion.

He said the expansion would increase the hospital’s capacity to between 300 and 400 beds, enabling it to provide advanced healthcare services not only for residents of Biu but also for people across the remaining eight local government areas in southern Borno.

According to Zulum, the upgraded hospital would play a critical role in supporting the Nigerian Army University’s proposed medical college, with the institution expected to admit its first medical students next year.

In a move to strengthen healthcare delivery, the governor announced automatic employment for 17 volunteer nurses currently serving at the General Hospital. He also pledged to recruit additional medical personnel to meet the growing healthcare needs of the area.

The visit formed part of Zulum’s ongoing inspection of government projects across southern Borno, focusing on improving education, healthcare and public infrastructure in underserved communities.

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Borno Abduction: Zulum Promises Medical, Relief Support

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Borno Abduction: Zulum Promises Medical, Relief Support

Borno Abduction: Zulum Promises Medical, Relief Support

By Tada Jutha, Maiduguri

The Borno State Government has intensified its response to the recent attack on Government Day Secondary School, Lassa, with a high-powered delegation visiting injured victims, grieving families and traditional leaders to reassure them of ongoing rescue efforts and government support.

The delegation, led by the Commissioner for Education, Science, Technology and Innovation, Lawan Abba Wakilbe, continued its engagements on Wednesday on the directive of Governor Babagana Umara Zulum, following the deadly attack on the school in Askira/Uba Local Government Area.

The team began its visit at the Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Mubi, where it met with Malam Goni Shettima, a teacher who sustained a gunshot wound to the head during the attack.

Receiving the delegation, the Chief Medical Director of the hospital, Prof. Shuaibu Jauro Yahya, disclosed that the injured teacher was responding to treatment and was in stable condition but would require advanced medical care.

Speaking on behalf of Governor Zulum, Wakilbe conveyed the governor’s sympathy to the injured teacher and his family, assuring them that the state government would continue to provide the necessary support throughout his recovery.

“His Excellency, Professor Babagana Umara Zulum, deeply sympathises with you and your family over this unfortunate incident,” the commissioner said.

From Mubi, the delegation proceeded to Uba, where it met with parents of the abducted students at the palace of the Emir of Uba, Alhaji Aliyu Ibn Samaila Mamza.

Addressing the anxious families, Wakilbe acknowledged the emotional pain caused by the abduction and assured them that the government was working closely with security agencies and other relevant stakeholders to secure the safe release of the missing students.

“We understand the pain and anguish the families are going through. I want to assure you that the government has not relented. We are working closely with security agencies and all relevant stakeholders to ensure the safe rescue and reunification of the abducted students with their families,” he said.

Speaking on behalf of the affected parents, Mr. Emmanuel Ayuba and Rev. Simon Wayindu urged the government to intensify rescue operations, saying families had continued to endure trauma and uncertainty since the attack.

The delegation also travelled to Mussa Community, where another group of students was abducted during a separate school attack on May 15, 2026. Government officials reassured parents that efforts to rescue the children remained active and that authorities had not abandoned the victims.

Responding on behalf of the families in Mussa, Mr. Ishaku Jidayi appealed for faster intervention, calling on the government to do everything possible to reunite the abducted children with their loved ones.

The visit forms part of the Borno State Government’s broader humanitarian and security response aimed at supporting victims, providing relief to affected families and sustaining pressure for the safe return of all abducted students.

The delegation comprised the Commissioner for Intergovernmental Affairs, Hon. Samaila Satumari; Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Environment, Dr. Julian Bitrus; Senior Special Assistant to the Governor on Special Projects, Engr. Emmanuel Yerima; Treasurer of the Nigeria Union of Teachers (NUT), Comrade Suleiman Bello Maina; Education Secretary of Askira/Uba Local Government Area, Fatsuma Adamu; Chairman of Askira/Uba Local Government Area, Hon. Mada Saidu, alongside other senior government officials.

The Area Commander and the Divisional Police Officer (DPO) also accompanied the delegation throughout the visits, underscoring the government’s coordinated approach to addressing the aftermath of the attacks.

The government has also pledged continued medical assistance for the injured victims and relief materials for affected families, while reaffirming its commitment to securing the release of all abducted students.

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