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From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

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From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

By Tada jutha, Maiduguri

Long before modern borders carved Africa into nation-states and colonial maps fractured shared histories and kinship, the Kanema-Borno Empire stood as one of the most enduring civilisations the continent had ever known. Rising from the sands around Lake Chad in the 9th century, Kanem-Borno was not merely a kingdom; it was a living network of culture, trade, scholarship, and identity that stretched across what are today Nigeria, Chad, Niger, Cameroon, Libya, and beyond.

The Sayfawa dynasty ruled the empire for more than a thousand years. Islamic scholarship strengthened it, and trade routes across the Sahara Desert connected Central Africa to North Africa and the Mediterranean world. Its rulers built institutions, fostered learning, and cultivated a shared Kanuri identity that transcended geography. Even as empires elsewhere rose and fell, Kanem-Borno adapted, migrated, and survived.

Yet history, though powerful, is not immune to disruption. Colonial partitions, post-independence political upheavals, economic marginalisation, climate change around Lake Chad, and, more recently, violent extremism have fractured communities that once spoke the same language, shared the same customs, and traced their lineage to the same ancestral roots. The Kanuri people, once bound by empire, found themselves separated by borders, policies, and insecurity.

It is against this backdrop of history, loss, and resilience that the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit (KBCS) emerges not as a mere celebration but as a deliberate act of remembrance and reconstruction.

A Modern Gathering Rooted in Ancient Memory

From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

On a Thursday in Maiduguri, the heartland of the old empire, history returned—not in the form of conquest or coronation, but through dialogue, dance, and shared identity. Thousands of Kanuri kinsmen and women from ten African countries converged at the Mohammed Indimi International Conference Centre to celebrate this year’s Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit.

Hosting the gathering, Borno State Governor, Professor Babagana Umara Zulum, described the summit as a strategic effort to revive cultural heritage and deploy it as a tool for peacebuilding and sustainable development across Africa.

“This summit”, Zulum said, “represents a deliberate effort to rebuild transnational kinship networks based on a shared identity, to create a supportive global community that can tackle the myriads of challenges collaboratively.”

The statement carried weight. Borno State, once the epicentre of the Kanem-Borno Empire, has in recent decades become synonymous with insurgencies, displacements, and humanitarian crises. Yet here it was—repositioning itself not just as a survivor of conflict, but as a convener of continental unity.

A Continental Reunion of the Scattered People

From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

The summit attracted 161 traditional rulers, top government officials, scholars, and cultural custodians, alongside thousands of Kanuri participants from Ghana, Sudan, Gabon, Niger, Central African Republic, Senegal, Libya, Chad, Cameroon, and Benin.

For many attendees, the gathering was deeply emotional. Families separated for generations by borders met under one roof. Elders spoke in Kanuri dialects shaped by geography but united by origin. Youths, some born in exile or diaspora, encountered their heritage not through textbooks, but through living culture.

Governor Zulum urged participants to go beyond celebration and invest in shared development.

“You are to invest in a shared future,” he told the gathering, “to ensure that the illustrious legacy of the Kanem-Borno remains an inspiration for future generations among the member countries.”

Culture as a Tool for Healing and Development

The summit’s program reflected this vision. Beyond speeches, it featured traditional dances, cultural displays, and ceremonial performances, with colourful contingents dressed in costumes representing different regions of the old empire. Each dance told a story—of harvest, migration, royalty, and resistance. Each drumbeat echoed centuries of memory.

But culture, as Zulum emphasised, is not only about the past.

From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

Speaking in the Kanuri language, the governor challenged participants to focus on educational exchange, entrepreneurial collaboration, and socio-economic initiatives capable of uplifting Kanuri communities across borders.

This approach reframes culture not as nostalgia but as capital—social capital that can foster trust, economic networks, and collective problem-solving in a region still grappling with insecurity and underdevelopment.

Reclaiming the Narrative of the Kanem-Borno Empire

In reflecting on the significance of the summit, Zulum reminded the audience of the empire’s historical stature.

“The Kanem-Borno Empire was one of the greatest and longest-lasting empires in African history,” he said. “It flourished for over 1,000 years, approximately from the 9th to the 19th century, in the region of Lake Chad.”

This reminder was more than academic. In a global narrative that often marginalises African civilisations, reclaiming the Kanem-Borno story is an act of intellectual and cultural resistance. It asserts that African societies were organised, scholarly, and globally connected long before colonialism.

Investing in Unity Through Education

Perhaps the most tangible outcome of the summit was Governor Zulum’s announcement of scholarships for 150 students from countries that once formed the Kanem-Borno Empire. The gesture symbolised a belief that education remains the strongest bridge between past glory and future possibility.

In a region where conflict has disrupted schooling for millions, the scholarship initiative serves both symbolic and practical purposes—fostering unity while empowering a new generation of leaders, scholars, and entrepreneurs who understand their shared heritage.

From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

Regional and Traditional Endorsement

The summit also enjoyed high-level regional endorsement. The President of Chad, Mahamat Idriss Déby Itno, represented by the Governor of Lac Province, Major General Saleh Haggar Tidjani, proposed that the summit be institutionalised and rotated among member countries every ten years.

Such a proposal elevates the KBCS from an event to a movement—one capable of shaping diplomatic, cultural, and developmental cooperation across borders.

Other dignitaries in attendance underscored the summit’s national and international relevance. They included Yobe State Governor Mai Mala Buni; former Vice President Ambassador Babagana Kingibe; the Sultan of Sokoto, Alhaji Muhammadu Sa’ad Abubakar III; Senators Mohammed Tahir Monguno and Mohammed Ali Ndume; and Kaka Shehu Lawan.

Also present were members of the House of Representatives, speakers of the Borno and Yobe State Houses of Assembly, emirs and chiefs from across Nigeria, commissioners, lawmakers, and senior government officials.

Their presence reinforced the idea that culture, when properly harnessed, can complement governance and diplomacy.

Beyond Ceremony: A Blueprint for Post-Conflict Identity

What sets the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit apart is its timing. Coming after years of insurgency that fractured trust and displaced communities, the summit represents a post-conflict identity project—a conscious attempt to heal wounds through shared memory.

In rebuilding Borno, Governor Zulum’s administration has focused on infrastructure, resettlement, and security. The KBCS adds another layer: psychological and cultural reconstruction. It tells the Kanuri people that they are more than victims of conflict; they are heirs to an empire that once shaped Africa.

From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy

A Legacy Reawakened

As the summit drew to a close, the drums fell silent, but the message endured. The Kanem-Borno Empire may no longer exist as a political entity, but its spirit—rooted in unity, resilience, and cultural pride—remains alive.

In reviving this legacy, the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit offers more than celebration. It offers a roadmap: one where history informs development, culture fosters peace, and identity transcends borders.

From empire to identity, from memory to movement, the story of Kanem-Borno is being retold—not as a relic of the past, but as a living force shaping Africa’s future.

 

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Boko Haram Attack in Borno Kills Four Soldiers, Civilian

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Boko Haram Attack in Borno Kills Four Soldiers, Civilian

By Tada Jutha, Maiduguri

Suspected Boko Haram insurgents have killed four soldiers and a civilian in an attack on Mussa community in Askira/Uba Local Government Area of Borno State.

The incident, which occurred around 12:00 p.m. on Wednesday, is the latest assault on communities located along the southern fringe of the Sambisa Forest, an area frequently targeted by insurgents.

The Chairman of Askira/Uba Local Government Area, Alhaji Mada Saidu, confirmed the attack on Thursday, stating that the civilian victim was a mother of three.

“There was an attack in Mussa ward yesterday afternoon. They killed one civilian, a woman, and four soldiers recently deployed to the council area,” Mr Saidu said.

A military source, who spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorised to comment publicly, said the slain soldiers were personnel of the 115 Task Force Battalion operating in the area.

“Four of our troops attached to the 115 Task Force Battalion were killed while ensuring that the terrorists did not gain entry into the Mussa community,” the source said.

The source added that the attackers were few in number but carried out a coordinated assault aimed at infiltrating the town.

“The insurgents were not many, but it was a coordinated attack aimed at entering the town. The troops stood their ground, but unfortunately, the four were killed,” the source said.

Residents said the attack triggered panic, with many fleeing their homes as gunfire lasted for about 30 minutes.

“We heard heavy gunshots around noon, and people started running into nearby farmlands,” a resident said. “If not for the military’s defence, they would have entered the town and caused massive destruction.”

Mussa, a farming community, has been repeatedly attacked due to its proximity to insurgent hideouts in the Sambisa axis.

The latest incident underscores ongoing security challenges in parts of Borno State despite sustained military operations against insurgents in the North-east.

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ulum mourns slain soldiers, donates N50m to families of fallen troops

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Zulum mourns slain soldiers, donates N50m to families of fallen troops

Zulum mourns slain soldiers, donates N50m to families of fallen troops

By Tada Jutha, Maiduguri

The Borno State Governor, Babagana Zulum, has expressed deep sorrow over the death of Brigadier General Oseni Braimah and seven other soldiers of Operation Hadin Kai (OPHK), describing their sacrifice as a painful but heroic loss in the ongoing counter-terrorism operations in the state.

Zulum made the remarks on Wednesday, during the burial ceremony held in honour of the late military officers and soldiers, who lost their lives in the line of duty at the Maimalari Cantonment military cemetery, Maiduguri.

“Today, we are gathered here in solemn memory to witness yet another sad event, the burial of Brigadier General Oseni Braimah and seven other troops of Operation Hadin Kai, who paid the supreme price in the discharge of their duties while protecting the lives and property of our people,” he said.

Zulum, in an emotionally laden voice, extended condolences on behalf of the government and people of the state to President Bola Ahmed Tinubu; the Minister of Defence; the Chief of Defence Staff; the Chief of Army Staff; and the entire Nigerian Armed Forces, as well as the bereaved families in the country.

Zulum described the recent targeted Boko Haram and Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP) terrorist attacks on military commanders as a deliberate attempt to weaken the morale of troops.

The governor assured us that efforts are underway to reverse the ugly trend. at the theater’s command of operations.

“The resurgence in the killing of combatant officers and men is a deliberate attempt to demoralise our armed forces, but we shall do everything possible to reverse this trend, Insha Allah,” he stated.

The governor commended the courage and resilience of the Nigerian military, noting that soldiers remain the primary targets in the ongoing conflict.

He also reaffirmed the commitment of both the federal and state governments to strengthening the military’s capacity to end approximately 17 years of Boko Haram and ISWAP terrorism in Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe states.

“The Federal Government under the leadership of President Tinubu, alongside the Northern Governors Forum (NGF) and the Northeast Governors Forum (NEGF), is making frantic efforts to provide the necessary support and assets needed to protect our armed forces and civilians,” he said.

Zulum announced N50 million in financial assistance as immediate relief for the bereaved families.

“As an immediate support to cushion the effect of this tragic loss of lives, the Borno State Government will release N50 million to the family of late Brig-Gen Oseni Braimah and other deceased personnel,” declared Zulum.

The governor prayed for the repose of the souls of the fallen heroes and urged their families to remain steadfast in faith.

The Minister of Defence, Lieutenant General Christopher Musa (rtd.), paid glowing tribute to Brigadier General Braimah and other gallant soldiers killed in the line of duty during the ongoing counter-insurgency operations in the North-East, describing their deaths as the ultimate sacrifice for national peace and security.

He commended the Borno State Governor for his steadfast support in the fight against terrorism.

“I want to appreciate His Excellency, the Executive Governor of Borno State, for his outstanding commitment in supporting the fight against terrorism in the North-East. We salute you, sir,” he said.

The Chief of Defence Staff, General Olufemi Oluyede, and the Chief of Army Staff, Lieutenant General Waidi Shuaibu, also mourn the deceased personnel and express determination to bring to an end the war against insurgency and other forms of criminality.

The solemn event was attended by a senator representing Southern Borno, Mohammed Ali Ndume; the member representing the Marte/Monguno/Nganzai federal constituency, Hon. Bukar Talba; the Secretary to the Borno State Government, acting Chief of Staff to the Governor; and senior military and state government officials.

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2027: APC Stakeholders Push for Power Shift in Borno South, Back Askira for Senate

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2027: APC Stakeholders Push for Power Shift in Borno South, Back Askira for Senate

By Tada Jutha, Maiduguri 

Political undercurrents in Borno South Senatorial District took a decisive turn on Tuesday as influential stakeholders within the All Progressives Congress (APC) openly opposed the continued stay of Senator Ali Ndume in the National Assembly, signalling a growing demand for power rotation ahead of the 2027 general elections.

The position emerged from a series of high-level consultations held across Biu, Gwoza and Shani, where party leaders and community influencers rallied behind the Deputy Speaker of the Borno State Assembly, Abdullahi Musa Askira, urging him to contest the senatorial seat.

The move, according to participants, reflects a broader agitation to end what they described as the prolonged dominance of Gwoza Local Government Area in representing the district at the Senate since 1999.

Speaking on behalf of elders and party stakeholders, a Second Republic politician and APC chieftain, Sule Gambo, said the agitation is rooted in a long-standing agreement that the seat should rotate among the constituent local government areas.

“We began this journey with a clear understanding that representation would be shared. Askira/Uba yielded the position to Gwoza in the spirit of fairness,” Gambo said. “But that understanding has not been honoured, and the process has stalled. It is only that other areas are given the opportunity to serve.”

He stressed that the district, which comprises Chibok, Damboa, Gwoza and Askira/Uba, must return to the principles of inclusiveness to foster unity and equitable development.

Gambo further described Askira as a capable figure with the intellectual depth and leadership qualities required to reposition the district at the national level.

Adding her voice, a prominent women’s leader, Dr Hawa Mai-Musa, warned that women, who constitute a significant portion of the electorate, are prepared to insist on fairness in representation.

“For over two decades, the Senate seat has remained in one axis. For justice and balance, it should now shift to other areas like Chibok and Askira/Uba,” she said. “Engr. Askira has demonstrated capacity, and we stand firmly behind him.”

Traditional authorities have also weighed in on the unfolding debate. The Galadima of Uba Emirate, Alhaji Adamu Jafiya, called for a new direction in leadership, noting that the district requires a representative focused on development and stability.

“Our people desire leadership that prioritises progress and delivers tangible results, not endless controversies,” he said.

Meanwhile, an aide to the Deputy Speaker, who requested anonymity, said his principal is yet to make a formal declaration but is actively consulting stakeholders across the district.

“He is listening carefully to the people and engaging widely before taking any decision,” the aide said.

The growing calls for rotation underscore rising political tensions in Borno South, as competing interests begin to shape the battle for the 2027 Senate seat. Analysts say the unfolding developments could redefine alliances within the APC and significantly influence the region’s political landscape in the months ahead, particularly as various factions vie for power and support in the lead-up to the elections.

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