Borno
From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy
From Empire to Identity: How the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit Rekindles a Thousand-Year African Legacy
By Tada jutha, Maiduguri
Long before modern borders carved Africa into nation-states and colonial maps fractured shared histories and kinship, the Kanema-Borno Empire stood as one of the most enduring civilisations the continent had ever known. Rising from the sands around Lake Chad in the 9th century, Kanem-Borno was not merely a kingdom; it was a living network of culture, trade, scholarship, and identity that stretched across what are today Nigeria, Chad, Niger, Cameroon, Libya, and beyond.
The Sayfawa dynasty ruled the empire for more than a thousand years. Islamic scholarship strengthened it, and trade routes across the Sahara Desert connected Central Africa to North Africa and the Mediterranean world. Its rulers built institutions, fostered learning, and cultivated a shared Kanuri identity that transcended geography. Even as empires elsewhere rose and fell, Kanem-Borno adapted, migrated, and survived.
Yet history, though powerful, is not immune to disruption. Colonial partitions, post-independence political upheavals, economic marginalisation, climate change around Lake Chad, and, more recently, violent extremism have fractured communities that once spoke the same language, shared the same customs, and traced their lineage to the same ancestral roots. The Kanuri people, once bound by empire, found themselves separated by borders, policies, and insecurity.
It is against this backdrop of history, loss, and resilience that the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit (KBCS) emerges not as a mere celebration but as a deliberate act of remembrance and reconstruction.
A Modern Gathering Rooted in Ancient Memory
On a Thursday in Maiduguri, the heartland of the old empire, history returned—not in the form of conquest or coronation, but through dialogue, dance, and shared identity. Thousands of Kanuri kinsmen and women from ten African countries converged at the Mohammed Indimi International Conference Centre to celebrate this year’s Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit.
Hosting the gathering, Borno State Governor, Professor Babagana Umara Zulum, described the summit as a strategic effort to revive cultural heritage and deploy it as a tool for peacebuilding and sustainable development across Africa.
“This summit”, Zulum said, “represents a deliberate effort to rebuild transnational kinship networks based on a shared identity, to create a supportive global community that can tackle the myriads of challenges collaboratively.”
The statement carried weight. Borno State, once the epicentre of the Kanem-Borno Empire, has in recent decades become synonymous with insurgencies, displacements, and humanitarian crises. Yet here it was—repositioning itself not just as a survivor of conflict, but as a convener of continental unity.
A Continental Reunion of the Scattered People
The summit attracted 161 traditional rulers, top government officials, scholars, and cultural custodians, alongside thousands of Kanuri participants from Ghana, Sudan, Gabon, Niger, Central African Republic, Senegal, Libya, Chad, Cameroon, and Benin.
For many attendees, the gathering was deeply emotional. Families separated for generations by borders met under one roof. Elders spoke in Kanuri dialects shaped by geography but united by origin. Youths, some born in exile or diaspora, encountered their heritage not through textbooks, but through living culture.
Governor Zulum urged participants to go beyond celebration and invest in shared development.
“You are to invest in a shared future,” he told the gathering, “to ensure that the illustrious legacy of the Kanem-Borno remains an inspiration for future generations among the member countries.”
Culture as a Tool for Healing and Development
The summit’s program reflected this vision. Beyond speeches, it featured traditional dances, cultural displays, and ceremonial performances, with colourful contingents dressed in costumes representing different regions of the old empire. Each dance told a story—of harvest, migration, royalty, and resistance. Each drumbeat echoed centuries of memory.
But culture, as Zulum emphasised, is not only about the past.
Speaking in the Kanuri language, the governor challenged participants to focus on educational exchange, entrepreneurial collaboration, and socio-economic initiatives capable of uplifting Kanuri communities across borders.
This approach reframes culture not as nostalgia but as capital—social capital that can foster trust, economic networks, and collective problem-solving in a region still grappling with insecurity and underdevelopment.
Reclaiming the Narrative of the Kanem-Borno Empire
In reflecting on the significance of the summit, Zulum reminded the audience of the empire’s historical stature.
“The Kanem-Borno Empire was one of the greatest and longest-lasting empires in African history,” he said. “It flourished for over 1,000 years, approximately from the 9th to the 19th century, in the region of Lake Chad.”
This reminder was more than academic. In a global narrative that often marginalises African civilisations, reclaiming the Kanem-Borno story is an act of intellectual and cultural resistance. It asserts that African societies were organised, scholarly, and globally connected long before colonialism.
Investing in Unity Through Education
Perhaps the most tangible outcome of the summit was Governor Zulum’s announcement of scholarships for 150 students from countries that once formed the Kanem-Borno Empire. The gesture symbolised a belief that education remains the strongest bridge between past glory and future possibility.
In a region where conflict has disrupted schooling for millions, the scholarship initiative serves both symbolic and practical purposes—fostering unity while empowering a new generation of leaders, scholars, and entrepreneurs who understand their shared heritage.
Regional and Traditional Endorsement
The summit also enjoyed high-level regional endorsement. The President of Chad, Mahamat Idriss Déby Itno, represented by the Governor of Lac Province, Major General Saleh Haggar Tidjani, proposed that the summit be institutionalised and rotated among member countries every ten years.
Such a proposal elevates the KBCS from an event to a movement—one capable of shaping diplomatic, cultural, and developmental cooperation across borders.
Other dignitaries in attendance underscored the summit’s national and international relevance. They included Yobe State Governor Mai Mala Buni; former Vice President Ambassador Babagana Kingibe; the Sultan of Sokoto, Alhaji Muhammadu Sa’ad Abubakar III; Senators Mohammed Tahir Monguno and Mohammed Ali Ndume; and Kaka Shehu Lawan.
Also present were members of the House of Representatives, speakers of the Borno and Yobe State Houses of Assembly, emirs and chiefs from across Nigeria, commissioners, lawmakers, and senior government officials.
Their presence reinforced the idea that culture, when properly harnessed, can complement governance and diplomacy.
Beyond Ceremony: A Blueprint for Post-Conflict Identity
What sets the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit apart is its timing. Coming after years of insurgency that fractured trust and displaced communities, the summit represents a post-conflict identity project—a conscious attempt to heal wounds through shared memory.
In rebuilding Borno, Governor Zulum’s administration has focused on infrastructure, resettlement, and security. The KBCS adds another layer: psychological and cultural reconstruction. It tells the Kanuri people that they are more than victims of conflict; they are heirs to an empire that once shaped Africa.
A Legacy Reawakened
As the summit drew to a close, the drums fell silent, but the message endured. The Kanem-Borno Empire may no longer exist as a political entity, but its spirit—rooted in unity, resilience, and cultural pride—remains alive.
In reviving this legacy, the Kanem-Borno Cultural Summit offers more than celebration. It offers a roadmap: one where history informs development, culture fosters peace, and identity transcends borders.
From empire to identity, from memory to movement, the story of Kanem-Borno is being retold—not as a relic of the past, but as a living force shaping Africa’s future.
Borno
Zulum Seeks Removal of FCE Gwoza Principal Officers Over Failure to Commence Academic Activities
Zulum Seeks Removal of FCE Gwoza Principal Officers Over Failure to Commence Academic Activities
By tada jutha, Maiduguri
Borno State Governor Babagana Umara Zulum has expressed anger and disappointment over what he described as the poor management of the Federal College of Education (FCE), Gwoza, despite the Borno State Government’s investment of more than ₦200 million to facilitate the institution’s take-off.
During an inspection of the college, Governor Zulum faulted the institution’s leadership for failing to commence meaningful academic activities, accusing its principal officers of lacking the commitment needed to make the college operational.
The Governor recalled that the state government had released ₦200 million as a take-off grant for the 2025/2026 academic session and undertaken a comprehensive rehabilitation of the institution, which was established in 2024, to ensure it was ready to admit its first set of students.
According to him, the college, situated along the Gwoza–Mubi Road, has remained largely inactive despite the substantial support provided by the state government.
Earlier, Zulum had formally handed over the fully remodelled college to the Federal Ministry of Education during a ceremony at the Government House Council Chamber in Maiduguri. However, he said the management had failed to demonstrate the urgency and dedication required to activate the institution.
The former Teachers College Gwoza, now upgraded to a Federal College of Education, has been transformed with over 100 renovated classrooms, modern science laboratories, improved administrative offices and residential quarters for principal officers.
Beyond the rehabilitation, the Governor approved the allocation of the site in July 2023, provided a ₦200 million take-off package and constructed a housing estate comprising 12 two-bedroom apartments for academic staff. Additional staff quarters were also built to address accommodation challenges and encourage staff retention.
Despite these investments, the institution has yet to begin full academic operations.
A visibly displeased Governor Zulum questioned the commitment of the College’s leadership, saying their absence from duty reflected a lack of seriousness.
“I am not happy because this College was established about three years ago and the principal officers were appointed, especially the Provost. To my dismay, he cannot even install a 5kVA solar power system in his office. The office is deserted, none of them is here. This is a clear indication that there is no commitment to move this College forward,” he said.
He stressed that the Borno State Government would not stand by while the institution remained dormant after making significant investments.
“We have provided ₦200 million as a take-off grant and renovated almost all the buildings in the College. It is clear that there is no commitment on the part of the principal officers to drive the process and ensure academic activities commence,” the Governor added.
Governor Zulum disclosed that the state government would formally communicate its findings to the Federal Ministry of Education and recommend changes in the institution’s leadership to enable the College to begin academic programmes without further delay.
“We will forward our findings to the Federal Ministry of Education on how we can change some of the principal officers so that academic activities can resume in this school,” he stated.
The Governor reaffirmed his administration’s determination to ensure that the Federal College of Education, Gwoza, fulfils its mandate of expanding access to teacher education and contributing to educational development in Borno State and the North-East.
Borno
Boko Haram Razes School, Kills Resident in Fresh Attack on Borno Community
Boko Haram Razes School, Kills Resident in Fresh Attack on Borno Community
By Tada Juth, Maiduguri
Suspected Boko Haram terrorists have launched a fresh attack on a community in Borno State, killing one resident and setting parts of a secondary school ablaze in Kautikari village, Chibok Local Government Area.
The attack occurred on Saturday evening at the Government Day Secondary School, Kautikari, a community located on the outskirts of the state, reigniting concerns over the safety of schools and rural communities in the insurgency-prone region.
According to local sources, the attackers stormed the village on motorcycles at about 6:45 p.m., targeting the school and other facilities. The assault reportedly killed one resident and destroyed several classrooms by fire.
Confirming the incident on Sunday, the Education Secretary of Chibok Local Government Area, Malah Kyari, said the affected section of the school was the Junior Secondary School.
“I can confirm that the insurgents attacked the Kautikari community yesterday, killed one person, and set ablaze one block containing five classrooms and an office at Kautikari JSS,” Kyari stated.
The spokesperson of the Borno State Police Command, ASP Nahum Daso, also confirmed the attack, noting that security forces successfully repelled the assailants and prevented further destruction.
“They attacked Kautikari village, where they burnt classrooms at the Government Day Secondary School and killed one person, a man,” Daso said.
“The suspected insurgents faced strong resistance from joint security forces, averting further losses. As of now, the area is calm, and intensive patrols are ongoing.”
Daso added that security personnel also thwarted an attempted infiltration by suspected insurgents into Maiduguri later on Saturday night.
The Zonal Inspector for Local Government and Emirate Affairs, overseeing Bama, Chibok, Gwoza, Askira/Uba, and Damboa, Samaila Manza, said authorities were still assessing the full extent of the damage caused by the attackers.
“I was informed that terrorists attacked the village, but we have not verified the actual extent of the damage they caused,” he said.
Residents said the attackers arrived in large numbers and appeared determined to destroy the school infrastructure.
“I learned they entered Kautikari on motorcycles. Many residents have fled for safety. They targeted the school and set it on fire. It was during their entry into the community that a man was killed,” a local source who requested anonymity disclosed.
The latest attack underscores the persistent security challenges facing communities in southern Borno despite ongoing military operations against insurgent groups in the region.
Borno
Zulum Applauds Tinubu, Ribadu, Security Forces as 434 Ngoshe Abductees Regain Freedom
Zulum Applauds Tinubu, Ribadu, Security Forces as 434 Ngoshe Abductees Regain Freedom
By Tada Jutha, Maiduguri
Borno State Governor Prof. Babagana Umara Zulum has commended President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, National Security Adviser Mallam Nuhu Ribadu, the Nigerian Armed Forces, and other security stakeholders for their efforts in securing the release of 434 residents of the Ngoshe community who were abducted by Boko Haram insurgents earlier this year.
The governor gave the commendation on Monday in Pulka while receiving a fresh batch of 357 freed captives. He disclosed that dozens of other victims had earlier regained their freedom in separate releases, bringing the total number of rescued persons to 434.
The victims were kidnapped during a Boko Haram attack on Ngoshe, a community in Gwoza Local Government Area located near the Mandara Mountains along Nigeria’s border region.
Zulum praised President Tinubu for his commitment to restoring peace and security in the North-East, noting that the president’s direct involvement played a significant role in facilitating the release of the captives.
According to the governor, the federal government’s determination to tackle insecurity has continued to yield positive results across the country.
“I wish to sincerely thank the President and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, Bola Ahmed Tinubu, for his unwavering support and dedication to ensuring peace and stability in Borno State and Nigeria as a whole,” Zulum said.
He also acknowledged the contributions of the Office of the National Security Adviser, the Department of State Services (DSS), the military, and local security volunteers, including the Civilian Joint Task Force (CJTF), hunters, vigilantes, and forest guards.
The governor described the operation as a product of strong collaboration among security agencies and community-based security groups working towards the safe return of the abducted men, women, and children.
Explaining the figures, Zulum said the latest group of freed captives accounted for about 357 persons, while others had been released in smaller batches over the past weeks and months.
“We are celebrating with the people of Ngoshe over the return of about 434 abducted residents. The group that was received today constitutes the largest batch, while others had regained their freedom earlier, bringing the total number to 434, he stated.
The governor further revealed that the state government had committed substantial resources to rebuilding the Ngoshe community and creating conditions for the safe return of displaced residents.
He said rehabilitation projects in the area were nearing completion and that discussions were ongoing with community members and security authorities to facilitate a secure and dignified resettlement process.
As part of immediate support measures, Zulum directed the distribution of food supplies and other relief materials to the rescued victims.
He added that the returnees are currently undergoing medical examinations and psychosocial care at a government facility before being reunited with their families and communities.
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